Health Risks from Mould

Moulds (sometimes referred to as black moulds, even though mould can come in a variety of colors) can cause a wide array of adverse responses in humans depending on the type and quantity that is present. However, these are not the lone factors when considering the health affects to mould exposure. Since dose and human response can be highly individualistic, the sensitivity of the person exposed is also an important consideration. For example, infants and young children, the immune-compromised, and the elderly are at an increased risk of experiencing adverse health effects related to mould exposure.

There are many routes of exposure to moulds including dermal contact, ingestion, and inhalation. The health risks associated with mould exposure include, but are not limited to: allergic reactions, irritation associated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs), invasive disease, mycotoxicosis.

Allergy

Allergic reactions are elicited when a substance such as mould that is not harmful in itself causes an immune response in susceptible individuals. The most common symptoms of an allergic response to increased levels of mould range from runny noses, itchy-watery eyes, coughing, sneezing, and throat irritation to more severe symptoms caused by chronic conditions such as sinusitis and asthma.

Irritation

Fungi produce Volatile Organic Compounds during the process of degrading substances to obtain nutrition. The VOCs are the cause of the typical “mouldy/musty” commonly associated with fungal contamination indoors. Exposure to high levels of VOCs may irritate the mucous membranes and the central nervous system leading to symptoms of headaches, decreased attention span, difficulty in concentration, and dizziness.

Information taken from "Toxic Black Mold Information Center"